Mapping Research on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Elementary School Science Learning

A Systematic Analysis of Focus, Methods, and Development Opportunities

  • Ita Maulana Zakiyah Universitas Islam Negeri Prof K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto - Indonesia
Keywords: Problem based learning, science, learning outcomes, student motivation, student critical thinking

Abstract

The PBL learning model in science lessons is a solution to improve critical thinking skills, learning motivation, and improve student learning outcomes in the current era. This study aims to provide in-depth information about the research of the PBL model in science learning in elementary schools, especially on the research method, focus of the study, and the theme of the study. The method used is SLR (systematic literature review). Data collection was carried out by documentation and reviewing articles about the PBL learning model in science lessons in the period 2020-2025. The data were collected from 40 articles in Google Scholar and Sinta. The results of the study show that the Based Learning learning model uses various methods, namely qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, and research and development. The most popular method is qualitative while the least popular method is research and development. This study examines the focus of problems grouped into three, namely the impact on learning outcomes, student motivation, and student critical thinking. The results of this study indicate that most research studies on the PBL model focus on the impact on student learning outcomes, while the fewest studies discuss the impact of the PBL model on student motivation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ade Dian Silvia, Fenny Roshayanti, and Ngurah Ayu Nyoman M. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Science Learning Outcomes of Fourth Grade Students of SD Negeri Gayamsari 02. Didactics: Scientific Journal of PGSD STKIP Subang 9, no. 2 (2023): 4362–70. https://doi.org/10.36989/didactics.v9i2.1106.

Adiilah, Ima Ishlahul, and Yuyun Dwi Haryanti. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Students' Creative Thinking Skills in Science Learning. Papanda Journal of Mathematics and Science Research 2, no. 1 (2023): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.56916/pjmsr.v2i1.306.

Afni, Nur. Implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in Elementary School Nur. Workshop on Learning Innovation in Elementary School SHEs: Conference Series 3 (4) (2020) 1000–1004 Implementation 3, no. 4 (2020): 1000–1004, https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.10401

Aghel, Dewi Pertiwi. Literature Review on Science Learning Outcomes Using the PBL (Problem Based Learning) Model in Elementary School Students. School Journal VIII, no. 1 (2023): 1–19.

Aliah, Nur, Khaerunnisa, and Sayidiman. Implementation of the PBL Model to Improve Science Learning Motivation of Grade VB Students at SDN 53 Makkaraeng, Maros Regency. Journal of Pedagogy and Technology Innovation (JIPTEK) 1, no. 1 (2023): 86.

Anfal, Wahyuddin, I Made Citra Wibawa, and I Gede Margunayasa. Description of the Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Science Motivation and Achievement of Fifth Grade Students. Journal of Mathematics and Science Education 5, no. 1 (2025): 315–23, https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v5i1.1408

Aprina, Eka Anisa, Erma Fatmawati, and Andi Suhardi. Application of Problem-Based Learning Model to Develop Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Science Content. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan 13, no. 1 (2024): 981–90, https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.496

Arifin, Muhammad, Yuli Yunira, Santi Evalia Harahap, and Egricana Marbun. Implementation of the PBL Model in Science Learning to Improve Student Motivation and Learning Outcomes. Journal of Education Research 5, no. 4 (2024): 6109–21, https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i4.1945

Artawan, I Kadek Agus Septi, Ni Wayan Rati, and Desak Putu Pajarastuti. Application of Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Science Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students. Scientific Journal of Teacher Professional Education 4, no. 2 (2021): 173–81. https://doi.org/10.23887/jippg.v4i2.35582.

Binasdevi, Misbah. The Effect of Environmental Literacy-Oriented Problem-Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary Madrasah Students. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Elementary Education 2 (2022): 81–90, https://doi.org/10.28918/ijiee.v2i1.5270

Cipta, Elfrida Gupita Eka, Muh Wahdan, and Dinar Westri Andini. Efforts to Increase Learning Motivation in Science Learning with a Problem Based Learning Model Based on Wordwall Media. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Teacher Professional Education, Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University 3, no. 1 (2024).

Fadillah, Rafiq Nur, Deviyanti Pangestu, Rapani, and Nelly Astuti. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills in Science Learning of Fifth Grade Students at Public Elementary Schools. Joyful Learning Journal 14, no. 1 (2024): 1–23.

Festiawan, Rifqi, Lim Boon Hooi, Prisca Widiawati, I Ketut Yoda, Adi S, Muhammad Sigit Antoni, and Arifin Ika Nugroho. The Problem-Based Learning: How the Effect on Student Critical Thinking Ability and Learning Motivation in COVID-19 Pandemic? Journal Sport Area 6, no. 2 (2021): 231–43. https://doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2021.vol6(2).6393.

Harefa, Agnes Renostini, and Desman Telaumbanua. Improving Motivation and Interest in Learning Science Through Problem-Based Learning: An Analytical Study. JIIP - Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences 7, no. 8 (2024): 9045–51. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i8.5283.

Haryanti, Yuyun Dwi, Sapriya Sapriya, Johar Permana, Erna Wulan Syaodih, and Yeni Dwi Kurino. Improving the Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students through Problem-Based Learning and Inquiry Models in Social Science Learning. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI 9, no. 2 (2022): 292. https://doi.org/10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v9i2.10485.

HN, La Tansa Michelia Champaka, and Muhammad Suwignyo Prayogo. Application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model in Science Learning on Ecosystem Material at MI Miftahul Ulum 02 Ajung Jember. AT TA'LIM: Jurnal Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 3, no. 2 (2024), https://doi.org/10.69552/taklim.v3i2.2737

Karimah, Ayu Ansor, Enung Siti Nurfarijah, and Darmawan. Application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model to Improve Student Learning Motivation in Science Subject in Grade IV Elementary School. Pedadidaktika: Scientific Journal of Elementary School Teacher Education 10, no. 3 (2023): 404–13, https://doi.org/10.17509/pedadidaktika.v10i3.64408

Lupik, Hermawan, Iis Nurasiah, and Irna Khaleda Nurmeta. On the Results of Science Learning in Grade V at Tegallega State Elementary School. Cendikia Journal of Education and Teaching 3, no. 1 (2025): 454–63.

Mukhtar, Harini. Analysis of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model Can Improve Science Learning Outcomes on Force in Grade IV Students of MI Negeri 2 Kerinci. Jurnal Edu Research Indonesian Institute for Corporate Learning and Studies (IICLS) 3, no. 1 (2022): 21–32, https://doi.org/10.47827/jer.v3i1.76

Nadiyah, Mu'tiqoh Izzatun, Siti Hajarotul Jannah, Ariska Putri Difiani, and Imron Fauzi. Implementation of Problem Based Learning in Science Learning in Class V MI / SD. DE_JOURNAL (Dharmas Education Journal) 3, no. 2 (2022): 220–27.

Nasaruddin, Syamsuryani Eka Putri Atjo, and Ayu Tiara. The Effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model on Science Learning Outcomes of Fifth Grade Students at SDN 032 Inpres Pambusuang, Polewali Mandar Regency. Journal of Educational Metaphors 1, no. 2 (2023): 143–57, http://eprints.unm.ac.id/id/eprint/35850

Ningsih, Ari Kusmiati, Nasution, and Dian Permatasari Kusuma Dayu. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Science Learning Outcomes of My Rich Indonesia Material for Grade 5 Elementary School. Journal of Educational Sciences 7, no. 4 (2024): 161–69, https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v7i4.3706

Nisa, Khoirun, Muis Sad Iman, and Irham Nugroho. Improving Science Learning Outcomes Through the Application of Problem Based Learning Models in Elementary Madrasahs. Hamzanwadi Journal of Science Education 1, no. 1 (2024): 45–52. https://doi.org/10.29408/hijase.v1i1.25669 .

Nofziarni, Aisyah, Yanti Fitria, and Alwen Bentri. The Effect of Using Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Elementary Schools. BASICEDU JOURNAL Research & Learning in Elementary Education 3, no. 4 (2024): 2016–24 , http://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v3i4.244

Prabasari, Francisca, Winanti Putri, Henny Dewi Koeswanti, Sri Giarti, Christian University, and Satya Wacana. EDUKATIF: JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE Differences in Problem Based Learning and Project Based Learning Models on Elementary School Students' Learning Outcomes Abstract . 3, no. 2 (2021): 496–504.

Pratama, Arga, and Novi Setyasto. Development of Prezi Media Based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model in Natural and Social Science Subjects in Class IV Elementary School . 10, no. 11 (2024). https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.9473.

Putra, Chandra Anugrah, and Dina Dwi Lestari. The Application of Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Audio-Visual Media to Improve Social Science Outcomes in 4th Grade 5 Selat Hulu Elementary School . 10, no. 1 (2024): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.33084/tunas.v10i1.9070.

R, Selvia Dinda, and Setyo Eko Atmojo. The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model on Problem Solving Ability and Student Motivation in Science Learning in Grade V of SD Negeri 1 Padokan. LENSA (Lentera Sains): Journal of Science Education 14, no. 1 (2024): 48–57. https://doi.org/10.24929/lensa.v14i1.399 .

Rafiadilla, Jihan. Research on the PBL Learning Model in Elementary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review. National Seminar on Elementary Education 10 (2024): 89–96, https://semnaspendas.unpak.ac.id/index.php/Semnaspendas/article/view/18

Rambe, Yusuf, Khaeruddin, and Ma'ruf. The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills and Science Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Students. Journal of Learning Research and Innovation 4, no. 1 (2024): 341–55. https://doi.org/10.51574/jrip.v4i1.1372.

Ratnasari, Yanuar Meta, Rahmawati Patta, and Juliadi. Improving Learning Quality Through the Application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Models for Second Grade Elementary School Students. Pinisi Journal PGSD 1, no. 2 (2021): 418–25.

Rosiana, Ita, Ahmad Khoiri, and Bambang Sugiyanto. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Learning Videos on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Science Subjects of Grade V at MI Ma 'Arif Kalijeruk, Garung District, Academic Year 2023/2024. Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara 1, no. 3 (2024): 3905–9, https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jicn/article/view/491

Rosida, Fitri Amelia, and Duwi Nuvitalia. Analysis of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills in Science Learning for Grade IV of SDN Gayamsari 02 Semarang. INNOVATIVE: Journal of Social Science Research 9, no. 1 (2024): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v9i1.1992.

Rosnawati, Siti, Siti Mayang Sari, and Lili Kasmini. Utilization of Science Learning Videos Through the Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Model in Critical Thinking Skills of Grade V Students of State Elementary School 7 Linge Banda Aceh. Bantara National Education Journal 7, no. 2 (2024): 146–57. https://doi.org/10.32585/dikdasbantara.v7i2.4927.

Safitri, Ria, Sopiyan Hadi, and Widiasih. Effect of the Problem-Based Learning Model on the Students' Motivation and Learning Outcomes. Journal of Science Education Research 9, no. 9 (2023): 7310–16. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i9.4772.

Sagita, Eva, Vivi Amalia, and Non Dwishiera CA Literature Study: Problem Based Learning Model in Science Learning in Elementary Schools. Journal of Elementary School Teacher Education 1, no. 2 (2023): 14. https://doi.org/10.47134/pgsd.v1i2.242.

Sari, Dela Fitri Puspita, Zainnur Wijayanto, and Leritara. Increasing Student Learning Motivation in Ipas Subject Through Problem Based Learning Model. ICSTI: International Conference on Science and Technology for The Internet Of , no. 20 (2024), https://seminar.ustjogja.ac.id/index.php/ICSTI/article/view/3205

Sari, Hesti Ratna, Daimul Hasanah, Heri Maria Zulfiati, and Susilo Agung Tri. Increasing Students' Learning Motivation in Science Learning by Using the Problem Based Learning Model in Grade IV Students of Tukangan Elementary School, Yogyakarta. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education 09, no. 03 (2022): 114–19.

Setiawan, I Nyoman Sita, Ketut Suma, and I Wayan Suastra. Problem-Based Learning Model Improves Elementary School Students' Motivation and Science Learning Outcomes. Scientific Journal of Teacher Professional Education 3, no. 1 (2024): 173–82. https://doi.org/10.46306/jurinotep.v3i1.84.

Sianturi, Mia Cindy Claudia, Assistant Fernando Siagian, and Eva Pasaribu. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth Grade Elementary School Students in Science Subjects. Pedagogika 2, no. 3 (2022): 163–83. https://doi.org/10.37411/pedagogika.v13i2.1354.

Susilawati, Samsul, and Triyo Supriyatno. Problem-Based Learning Model in Improving Critical Thinking Ability of Elementary School Students. Advances in Mobile Learning Educational Research 3, no. 1 (2023): 638–47. https://doi.org/10.25082/amler.2023.01.013.

Triyanti, Murtono, Utaminingsih, and Sri. Problem Based Technology and Science Development to Improve Science Learning Outcomes in Elementary Schools. ANP Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2, no. 2 (2021): 151–56. https://doi.org/10.53797/anp.jssh.v2i2.21.2021.

Windasari, Rizkika, Ahmad Harjono, and Fitri Puji Astria. The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Science Learning Outcomes. Scientific Journal of Educational Professions 4, no. 1 (2024): 113–20. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiepp.v4i1.370.

Zahra, Ratih Syalaisyah Az, and Desi Wulandari. Development of Happy Notes PERUGI Learning Media (Energy Transformation) Based on Problem Based Learning to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Natural and Social Science Subjects in Grade IV of Elementary School. Science Education Research Journal 11, no. 3 (2025): 954–69. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i3.10992.
Published
2025-09-29
How to Cite
Zakiyah, I. (2025, September 29). Mapping Research on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Elementary School Science Learning. FASHLUNA, 6(2), 99-119. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47625/fashluna.v6i2.1093
Section
Articles